Workers comp is a state law before it is an insurance policy.

Medical and indemnity costs land on the agency directly, and in most states operating without it is illegal.

An injured crew member becomes a direct lawsuit against the business, with no statutory cap on what it costs.

Blades, chippers, heat and highway-shoulder work produce injuries that become uncapped claims against the business.

Climbing falls, chainsaw injuries and struck-by incidents are severe by nature, and this is the coverage standard carriers decline first.

Night work, ice underfoot and long shifts in the cold are exactly when injuries happen.

Chemical exposure claims can surface long after the application that caused them.

Trenching and machine work carry the serious injuries in this trade.

Technician injuries are frequent in this trade and become uncapped claims without it.

Burns, cuts and slips are constant in a kitchen and become uncapped claims without it.

Staff injuries on the floor or in the stockroom become uncapped claims.

Chemical exposure and fall injuries become uncapped claims against the business.

Needlesticks and lifting injuries are routine and uncapped without coverage.

Crew injuries on set are frequent enough that no legitimate production runs without it.

Excavation work carries serious injury exposure and uncapped claims without coverage.

Handling injuries are the highest-frequency loss in the class, and bites to staff are routine rather than exceptional.

Lifting and transfer injuries drive the loss ratio, and staffing ratios drive the lifting.

Cuts, burns and lifting injuries are constant behind a bar, and an uninsured one becomes an uncapped claim.

A kitchen and a bar in one building means burns, cuts and lifting injuries, and an uninsured one is uncapped.

Door staff, bartenders and stage crew are three different injury profiles under one roof and all of them are uncapped uninsured.

Roadside recovery is among the most dangerous work in transport, and struck-by injuries are catastrophic when they happen.

Loading and unloading is where tanker injuries concentrate, not the driving.

Loading in a cold dock is where the injuries are.

Loading and handling animals is where drivers in this class get hurt.

A hired driver at harvest is an employee, and a rollover with him in the cab is a workers comp claim before it is anything else.

Loading and tie-down is the injury exposure, not the driving.

Lift gates, hand trucks and repeated loading produce the injuries in this class.

High turnover, repeated lifting and constant in-and-out is a frequency class, and the contract will require the coverage by name.

Site work, tarping and climbing on equipment is where the injuries are.

Repeated loading and unloading is where local drivers get hurt, not the driving.

Drivers away overnight are harder to supervise and injuries are reported later.

Drivers, and the physical assistance they give passengers, produce the injuries in this class.

Drivers, luggage handling and passenger assistance produce the injuries.

Lifting, transferring and securing passengers and wheelchairs is where drivers are injured.

Where drivers are employees rather than lessees, it is required and it is checked.

A chauffeur you call a contractor is still an employee to most state boards, and an unpaid injury claim becomes a penalty plus the claim.

A driver assaulted by a drunk passenger is a workers compensation claim first, and an uninsured one is a penalty on top.

Most state boards look at who controls the schedule and the vehicle, not at the contract, and a misclassified chauffeur’s injury arrives with a penalty attached.

A back injury in a luggage bay is the ordinary claim in this class, and an uninsured one carries a penalty on top.

Transfers, lifting and behavioral incidents injure therapy staff, and it is required the moment you have an employee.

Required with employees, and part of what a center verifies.

Required once you have an employee, and verified by most districts.

Transfers and manual handling injure therapists more than any other cause.

Therapists are injured doing exactly what they treat others for.

Behavioral incidents injure staff, and this class has real frequency.

Required with employees, including part-time front desk staff.

Lifting and transferring post-operative patients single-handed is exactly how nursing staff get hurt.

Working at height with heavy, sharp material is a severity class, and it is the coverage the standard market declines first.

Falls from height are the defining injury in framing, and above two stories the rate and the appetite both change sharply.

Heavy material, machinery and excavation produce the serious injuries in this trade.

Ladders, wet surfaces and chemical handling produce the injuries, and any work off the ground raises the rate.

Working beside live traffic is the defining injury exposure in this class, and struck-by claims are catastrophic.

Roofing sits in one of the highest-rated class codes in the system, it is the coverage standard carriers decline first, and defaulting to the state fund is what most roofers end up doing.

Arc flash and electrocution are severity injuries rather than frequency ones: a single incident is a burn unit, not a week off.

Trench work, heavy fixtures and confined spaces put crews in the injuries that cost the most days.

Rooftop and attic work, heavy equipment and brazing put crews in falls and burns rather than strains.

Exterior and commercial work is performed from ladders, lifts and swing stages, and a fall is the injury that ends a career.

Pours run long, the material is heavy and caustic, and placement crews work around moving equipment for the whole shift.

Struck-by and caught-between are the fatality classes of this trade, and comp is the line that pays for them.

Trench collapse and struck-by injuries are the fatality classes of this trade, not the strain injuries of most others.

Board is heavy and handled overhead all day, and stilts, lifts and stacked scaffold put finishers at height for most of the shift.

Lifting heavy awkward objects down stairs all day produces the highest frequency of back and crush injuries of any trade on this site.

Falls from scaffold and crush injuries from units and pallets are the severity claims of this trade.

Kneeling work, heavy rolls and repeated lifting produce the chronic injuries that keep installers off jobs.

Burns, eye injury and metal fume exposure are the trade's own injuries, on top of the lifting everything else involves.

Ladders, hand tools and unfamiliar buildings produce falls and lacerations across a wide range of tasks.

Guards are assaulted, and lone working at night in premises they do not control raises both frequency and severity.

This is most of the premium and nearly all of the volatility, and the injuries happen under a client's supervision rather than yours.

Night shift staff face robbery and assault on top of ordinary lifting and slip injuries.

Required the moment you have a W-2 employee, in every state you employ them, and remote hires quietly multiply the states.

A remote team means coverage in every state someone works from, and the states check.

Required with the first employee, and the first question on many vendor forms even for firms of two.

Staffing comp is priced by what placed workers actually do, not what the office does, and misclassified class codes are the audit surprise of this industry.

Height, load and lifting are the severity classes of this trade, and the climbing share of your payroll is rated on its own.

A standing crew across a season is a real payroll, and it is the largest line on most television programs.

A loan-out employs you, so the production asks the loan-out for the certificate, and in most states a corporation with an employee cannot simply opt out.

Build and strike crews do heavy work at height and against a deadline.

Crew, techs and drivers are employees in most arrangements, and touring injuries are load-in injuries.

The moment your techs deliver, install or run the show, you have a crew working at height and lifting road cases in somebody else’s building.

Your crew are your employees on somebody else’s set, and the production will ask for the certificate.

Crew are employees for the shoot days, and states do not make an exception for short schedules.

Cast and crew are employees for the schedule, and the unions verify it.

The first editor or assistant makes you an employer, and a one-person company in California that a brand or production wants a certificate from is written as a ghost policy.

A first editor makes you an employer, and a loan-out that a network or brand wants a certificate from is written as a ghost policy until there is payroll.

A paid helper on set makes you an employer, and in most states that means a policy.

Solvent exposure, grinding, lifting panels and cutting. Body shop class rates sit above general auto repair in most states.

Chemical burns, slips on wet floors and repetitive strain. Most states require it once you hire.

Tire inflation injuries, lifting and lift accidents. Truck tire work raises the class.

Heavy components, tire work on truck wheels and work under raised cabs. Severity is higher than passenger car repair.

The first editor or second shooter you pay is the moment the state expects a policy, and a loan-out in California is a company that employs you.

An editor, a producer or a booker on payroll is an employee, and in most states that is the point at which coverage is required rather than optional.

Casual help on the stall are employees in most states, however briefly.

Build and strike crews working to a deadline in a hall.

Seasonal coaches and counselors are employees for the weeks they work.

Track staff, marshals and recovery crews working live sessions.

Court monitors are on their feet among jumpers all day.

A young seasonal workforce doing physical work in and around water.

Ride operators, maintenance and a large seasonal staff.

Guides work at height every day and perform rescues.

Keepers work with animals that can injure them, which is a severity exposure.

Required wherever you have an employee, and the one policy nobody can buy after the fact.

A single guarding claim reprices the policy for three years.

Slips, lifting injuries and chemical exposure are the everyday claims here, not the rare ones.

Hot work and erection are two of the heaviest class codes a shop can carry, and they price separately.

Confined spaces, caustic cleaning and CO₂ make this a heavier comp risk than the taproom suggests.

Barrel handling and high-proof vapor are the injuries here, and both are severe rather than frequent.

An uninsured harvest contractor’s injury is charged back to the grower who hired them.

A handyman with no policy of his own is charged to the owner who hired him, and owners find this out afterwards.

Lifting injuries and forklift strikes are the everyday claim, and both are frequent enough to move the mod.

A misclassified booth renter is an uninsured employee at audit.

Required wherever you have staff, and hand injuries here are frequent rather than rare.

Heavy machinery and hot processes in a small space is a heavier comp class than the storefront suggests.

A volunteer is not an employee by default, so an injured one has no comp claim and sues the organization instead.

Land-based workers comp does not answer a Longshore or Jones Act claim.

Driver classification is the live legal question in this sector.

Repetitive strain, slips and chemical exposure are the routine injuries.

A driver hurt on a run is a work injury wherever the accident happened, and delivery class codes rate well above kitchen ones.

Burns and road injuries in one payroll, and a mod that follows the store for three years.

An injured volunteer with no comp claim sues the congregation instead.

Handling injuries are frequent, and a volunteer with no comp claim has only a lawsuit.

Lifting injuries are the everyday claim here, and most of the lifting is done by volunteers.

Staff assault is a real and rated exposure in shelters and crisis work.

Set construction and rigging is the most dangerous thing most arts organizations do.

Lifting and sorting injuries are frequent, and most of the labor is volunteer.

A seasonal, mostly young workforce doing physical work outdoors has the injury rate you would expect.

Injury from resident behavior is a rated, expected exposure in this class, not an anomaly.

Driving is the leading cause of serious work injury in home-based care, and it happens on the clock.

Lifting injuries during transfers are the commonest claim in the class and the rate already assumes them.

Students are not employees and are not covered by it, which is what participant accident coverage is for.

A charter is usually the employer of record even when the district is the authorizer.

Required with employees in nearly every state, and verified at enrollment by most.

The medical bills and lost wages from a transfer injury are owed by the agency, and in California the license itself is at risk.

Required with employees, and the injury rate in direct support is the reason the rate is what it is.

A live-in manager paid in free rent can still be an employee, and the injury claim does not care how the arrangement was described.

Required with employees in nearly every state, and stewardship work is rated as outdoor labor, not office work.

Required with employees in almost every state, and client aggression is a rated, expected exposure in behavioral health.

Required with employees, and night staff in a residential program face real injury risk.

Required with employees, and overnight shelter work carries a real injury rate.

Required with employees, and crew work is rated as construction, not as office work.

Volunteers are not employees, so workers compensation will not cover them unless you buy volunteer accident coverage.

Required with employees, and student workers on payroll count.

A valet hit in the lane with no comp policy is a lawsuit against the operator and, in most states, a penalty from the state on top.

Required, expensive here, and the trigger event for the Labor Law suit that follows.

In our experience the most competitive comp market in the country, across a wide range of classes.

Straightforward where the class is straightforward. A payroll with anything unusual in it — subcontractors, multiple states, an owner exclusion — is where we would look elsewhere.

The reason to go to them. Extremely competitive, and they will quote classes other markets decline.

Competitive on small and mid-sized payrolls in the classes they want, with pay-as-you-go billing available.

Sharp pricing on small payrolls in classes that other carriers load, which is a real and narrow strength.

One carrier across the two lines that share a claim when a driver is hurt on the job.

Lifts, presses, solvents and hot work. Technician injuries are severity claims, and the class rates reflect it.

Remote hires add states to the policy, and a contractor the state calls an employee is a payroll audit waiting to happen.

A remote developer in another state adds that state to the policy, and a contractor the state calls an employee shows up at audit.